In the latest versions of iOS, the Cupertinos really tricked the settings of this feature. To make the system work, you will have to give permission in several sections of the menu at once.

How to set up location sharing on iPhone
- Go to Settings – Privacy – Geolocation services – Share location and activate the Share location option, without it the Messages, Latitude, Home and Siri voice assistant will not be able to receive your location data. Here, be sure to activate the Exact location switch.
- In the Settings – Privacy – Geolocation services – Messages section, grant permission to access geolocation.
- Along the path Settings – Privacy – Geolocation services – System services, activate the Share location switch. You can see the meaning of other settings from this menu and adjust them appropriately.
Only after that it will turn out to share your location in the iMessage chat.
Share your location in messages

During the chat, you can click on the avatar of the interlocutor or the chat icon and in the Information menu, select the Send my current location item.
There is another much simpler way – start writing in the text of the message “I am in” and a button will appear on the keyboard to quickly insert the current location into the message.
Share location using Apple Maps

This is quite simple, just find and Apple Maps icon on the home screen and long press on it. This will show up a share sheet so just select a contact and click share.